Property Valuation
In the income approach to valuation, Net Operating Income (NOI) is calculated as:
AGross Scheduled Income minus Vacancy and Credit Losses only
BEffective Gross Income minus Operating Expenses (excluding debt service)✓ Correct
CGross Scheduled Income minus Mortgage Payments
DNet Income after income taxes and depreciation
Explanation
NOI = Effective Gross Income − Operating Expenses. Operating expenses include taxes, insurance, maintenance, and management, but NOT mortgage payments or income taxes. NOI represents the income before financing costs.
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