Environmental

Texas water law follows a combination of systems for surface water. Under the prior appropriation doctrine for surface water in Texas:

AAll landowners adjacent to a stream have equal rights
BFirst in time, first in right — the oldest permit holder has priority during shortages✓ Correct
CThe state owns all surface water and sells access
DRiparian rights allow unlimited use by adjacent owners

Explanation

Texas surface water is governed by the prior appropriation doctrine: water rights are allocated by permit and older permits ('senior rights') have priority over newer permits ('junior rights') during shortages.

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