Environmental
What is 'subsidence' and how is it relevant to Hawaii property development?
AA. The increase in property values due to nearby development
BB. The sinking or settling of ground, which can occur in Hawaii due to volcanic geology, lava tubes, or compressible soils, potentially damaging structures✓ Correct
CC. Ocean erosion of coastal cliffs
DD. The settlement of concrete foundations in new construction
Explanation
Subsidence is the downward movement of ground surface. In Hawaii, it can occur due to: collapse of lava tubes, compression of coastal sediments, volcanic deflation (as magma moves underground), or poorly compacted fill. Subsidence can crack foundations, damage utilities, and create costly structural problems, requiring investigation before building.
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