Environmental
What is 'CERCLA' and what 'innocent landowner' defense may be available to Illinois property buyers?
AA state law requiring contractor certification; defense is irrelevant
BThe federal Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act; the innocent landowner defense requires pre-purchase Phase I ESA and no knowledge of contamination✓ Correct
CAn Illinois law providing complete liability protection for all property buyers
DA federal program providing free cleanup for contaminated properties
Explanation
CERCLA (Superfund) creates broad liability for contaminated property cleanup, including current owners. The innocent landowner defense allows buyers to avoid liability if they conducted all appropriate inquiries (Phase I ESA) before purchase, had no actual knowledge of contamination, and took reasonable steps once contamination was discovered.
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