Fair Housing
What is the 'disparate impact' theory in Pennsylvania fair housing enforcement?
AThe theory that all real estate agents have disparate (unequal) impacts on housing markets
BA legal theory finding discrimination when a facially neutral policy disproportionately harms a protected class, even without discriminatory intent✓ Correct
CThe unequal impact of property tax assessments on different neighborhoods
DA theory requiring equal marketing budgets for all properties regardless of price
Explanation
Disparate impact theory holds that a facially neutral policy or practice can violate fair housing law if it disproportionately harms members of a protected class, even without discriminatory intent. For example, a landlord's minimum income requirement of 4× rent might disproportionately screen out protected classes in a particular area.
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Key Terms to Know
Adjustable-Rate Mortgage (ARM)
A mortgage with an interest rate that changes periodically based on a financial index, usually after an initial fixed-rate period.
Gross Rent Multiplier (GRM)A quick valuation metric for income properties calculated by dividing the property price by gross annual rental income.
Fair Housing ActFederal law prohibiting discrimination in the sale, rental, or financing of housing based on race, color, national origin, religion, sex, disability, and familial status.
SteeringAn illegal practice where a real estate agent directs buyers toward or away from certain neighborhoods based on the buyer's race, religion, national origin, or other protected characteristics.
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