Environmental
Under federal CERCLA (Superfund), a Pennsylvania property buyer who conducts a Phase I Environmental Site Assessment before purchase may qualify for which defense?
AThe innocent landowner defense
BThe sovereign immunity defense
CThe good faith purchaser safe harbor
DBoth A and C✓ Correct
Explanation
CERCLA provides both the 'innocent landowner' and the 'bona fide prospective purchaser' (good faith purchaser) defenses for buyers who conduct 'all appropriate inquiries' (including a Phase I ESA) before purchase. These defenses can shield buyers from Superfund liability for pre-existing contamination.
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