Environmental
In Arizona, the 'Prior Appropriation Doctrine' for water rights means that:
ALandowners adjacent to a river have the right to use the river water
BWater rights are allocated based on priority date—'first in time, first in right'—so senior water rights holders have priority over junior holders during shortages✓ Correct
CThe state owns all surface water and allocates it equally among users
DUnderground water is exempt from all appropriation doctrines
Explanation
Arizona follows the prior appropriation doctrine for surface water: the first person to put water to beneficial use has priority. During shortages, junior (newer) water rights are curtailed before senior rights.
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Key Terms to Know
Adverse Possession
A doctrine by which a person can gain legal title to another's land by openly, continuously, and adversely occupying it for a statutory period.
Option ContractA contract giving the buyer the right, but not the obligation, to purchase a property at a specified price within a specified time period.
Right of First RefusalA contractual right giving a party the opportunity to match any offer received before the owner can accept it from a third party.
EasementA non-possessory right to use another person's land for a specific purpose.
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