Property ValuationIntermediateArizona Exam

A cost approach appraisal requires calculating depreciation, which includes:

APhysical deterioration caused by age, weather, deferred maintenance, and wear and tear to structural components
BFunctional obsolescence caused by outdated design, inadequate layout, or insufficient amenities relative to current expectations
CPhysical deterioration, functional obsolescence, and external obsolescenceCorrect
DEconomic obsolescence caused by factors external to the property, such as neighborhood decline or changes in market demand

Why Physical deterioration, functional obsolescence, and external obsolescence Is Correct

Answer C: Physical deterioration, functional obsolescence, and external obsolescence

Total depreciation in the cost approach includes all three forms: physical deterioration (physical wear), functional obsolescence (outdated design), and external (economic) obsolescence (external factors). All applicable forms must be estimated.

Exam Tip: Property Valuation

Valuation questions focus on the three approaches to value: sales comparison, cost, and income. Know which approach is best for which property type. The income approach uses cap rate and NOI — memorize these formulas.

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