AgencyIntermediateCalifornia Exam

What is 'ratification' in the context of agency law?

AThe written agreement creating an agency, consistent with typical listing agreement terms
BThe principal's approval of an agent's previously unauthorized actCorrect
CThe termination of the agency by mutual consent, per standard fiduciary practice in the industry
DThe transfer of agency duties to a subagent, under standard California agency practice

Why The principal's approval of an agent's previously unauthorized act Is Correct

Answer B: The principal's approval of an agent's previously unauthorized act

Ratification occurs when a principal approves or accepts an act performed by someone without prior authority, effectively creating an agency relationship retroactively. Once ratified, the act is binding on the principal.

Exam Tip: Agency

Agency questions are among the most tested on the exam. Focus on the difference between client and customer, and memorize the fiduciary duties (OLD CAR). Watch for questions that try to blur the line between a general agent and a special agent.

Key Agency Terms in This Question

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