Environmental

In Montana, 'voluntary cleanup' programs administered by DEQ allow property owners to:

AClean up contaminated sites voluntarily in exchange for immunity from further state action once cleanup standards are met✓ Correct

BAvoid any cleanup if they purchased the property recently

CTransfer cleanup liability to DEQ upon payment of a fee

DDefer cleanup indefinitely without penalty

Explanation

Montana's Voluntary Cleanup and Redevelopment Act (VCRA) allows responsible parties to voluntarily remediate contaminated sites in exchange for a certificate of completion from DEQ, providing assurance against further state enforcement when cleanup standards are met.

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Key Terms to Know

Private Mortgage Insurance (PMI)

Insurance required by lenders on conventional loans with less than 20% down payment, protecting the lender — not the borrower — against default.

Transfer Tax

A tax imposed by state or local governments when real property ownership is transferred, typically based on the sale price.

Zoning

Local government regulations that control land use by dividing areas into zones specifying permitted uses, building sizes, and densities.

Variance

Official permission to use land in a way that does not conform to the applicable zoning ordinance, granted by a zoning board when strict enforcement would cause undue hardship.